Then each node uses its local copy of OCR and the local CRSd process to access it and communicate via the same local process if they need more updates from the physical OCR file. If you upgrade from a previous version of Oracle Clusterware to Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2) and you want to store voting disks in an Oracle ASM disk group, then you must set the ASM Compatibility (COMPATIBLE.ASM) compatibility attribute to 11.2.0.0. Our storage is EMC SAN. If you must change an existing OCR location, or change a failed OCR location to a working location, then you can use the following procedure, as long as all remaining OCR locations remain online. You must specify enough failure groups in each disk group to support the redundancy type for that disk group. You can use this command whether the voting disks were stored in Oracle ASM or some other storage device. OCR and Voting voting disk An advanced recognition engine is needed for OCR compared to OMR. It is widely used as a form of data entry from printed paper data records into electronic editable text which can be easily searched, stored etc. Oracle recommends that you do not use more than five voting files, Following are the steps to move OCR, Voting Disk and Spfile to new disk group. When exporting OCR, Oracle recommends including "ocr", the cluster name, and the timestamp in the name string. Please do provide the feedback, Related ArticlesWhat is Oracle Clusterware?How to Recreate Central Inventory in Real Applications ClustersHow to add any node to Oracle RAC cluster in 10g and 11gHow to setup diag wait in clusterCluster command in Oracle clusterware 10g and 11gOracle Flex Cluster 12c, Filed Under: Oracle, Oracle Database Tagged With: voting disks, Your email address will not be published. It is hard to implement as compared to OMR. Compare the node's OCR configuration (ocr.loc on Linux and UNIX systems and the Registry on Windows systems) with other nodes on which Oracle Clusterware is running. In 10g, Oracle Clusterware can support 32 voting disks but in 11g R 2 supports 15 voting disks. Voting Disk It is important to ensure that control files, redo log files, temp and undo reside exclusively in a pool with high performance. The Oracle Clusterware has the OCR and voting disks open and is actively using them. b. Voting files which record node membership information. 3) CSSD process in each RAC maintains the heartbeat in a block of size 1 OS block in the hot block of the voting disk at a specific offset. Voting Disk, should it be WebOracle RAC uses two storage locations, which can be accessed by all cluster members: The Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) Contains information for managing the cluster The Voting Disk Contains information to determine which nodes are active members of the cluster at any given moment In Oracle RAC 10gRelease 2, these storage locations can The new OCR file, device, or disk group must be accessible from all of the active nodes in the cluster. You can just replace with new voting file on disk group DATA. If you configure a mirrored OCR and if Oracle Clusterware cannot access the mirrored OCR locations and also cannot verify that the available OCR location contains the most recent configuration, then Oracle Clusterware prevents further modification to the available OCR location. For eg, if you have 5 voting disks, a node must be able to access at least 3 of the voting disks. OLR is located on local storage on each node in a cluster. This is called NETWORK HEARTBEAT. Make sure that xdpyinfo exist under PATH variable. As the root user, run the following command to add an OCR location to either Oracle ASM or other storage device: To remove an OCR location or a failed OCR location, at least one other OCR must be online. If we are not using a voting disk, then due to network failure, nodes are neither able to communicate with each other nor synchronize with the database, this situation is called a cluster SPLIT-BRAIN problem. Perform the following procedure as the root user to remove an OCR location from your Oracle Clusterware environment: Ensure that at least one OCR location other than the OCR location that you are removing is online. However, if you are unable to start any cluster node in your environment and if you can neither repair OCR nor restore access to all OCR locations, then you can override the protection mechanism. # /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin/ocrdump OCRDUMPFILE.root, # /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin/ocrdump -xml OCRDUMPFILE.root.xml, # /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin/ocrdump -xml -local OLRDUMPFILE.root.xml, # grep '' OLRDUMPFILE.root.xml|wc -l, # ls -trl /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/cdata/ol6-dr-114-rac1.olr, Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) and Oracle Local Registry (OLR), 12c: Backup NOARCHIVELOG database using RMAN, Howto: Apply July PSU 12c Grid and DB to an Oracle 12c 2 Node RAC cluster, Howto: Apply 12c Grid and DB PSU to Oracle 12c 2 node RAC, AIX RM PARAMETER LIST IS TOO LONG 0403 027 KSH, RMAN TSM TDPO TIVOLI BACKUP RECOVERY ORACLE, SQL OPTIMIZATION INDEX LIKE OPERATOR EXPLAIN PLAN, ASM diskgroups, volumes, filesystems, and instances, Its own backups (/etc/oracle/ocr.loc and local backups in $ORA_CRS_HOME/cdata/). You cannot customize the backup frequencies or the number of files that Oracle Database retains. OCR stores configuration information in a series of key-value pairs in a tree structure. The number of voting files you can store in a particular Oracle ASM disk group depends upon the redundancy of the disk group. Recover OCR by running the ocrconfig -restore command, as instructed in the following procedure. Nytro.ai uses technology that works best in other browsers. You cannot restore your configuration from an OCR backup file using the -import option, which is explained in "Administering Oracle Cluster Registry with Oracle Cluster Registry Export and Import Commands". A small number of failure groups, or failure groups of uneven capacity, can create allocation problems that prevent full use of all of the available storage. OCR is used in a variety of applications, such as scanning documents and recognizing text in images. To remove storage configurations no longer in use, run the following command as root: Run this command for every configured OCR. In addition to using the automatically created OCR backup files, you should also export OCR contents before and after making significant configuration changes, such as adding or deleting nodes from your environment, modifying Oracle Clusterware resources, and upgrading, downgrading or creating a database. 1. The OLR and GPnP profile are required to start the HA service stack. You can list backups with the ocrconfig -showbackup command, whereas you must keep track of all generated exports. Modifying voting disks that are stored in Oracle ASM. If necessary, you can dynamically add or replace voting disks after you complete the Oracle Clusterware installation process without stopping the cluster. These backups are stored for a week and written in a round-robin fashion. 2) CSSD process on every node makes entries in the voting disk to ascertain the membership of the node. However, if you upgrade from a previous Oracle Clusterware release, then you can continue to use raw or block devices. If you choose to store the voting disks on a cluster file system, then select the option to configure multiple voting disks, in which case you will have to specify three different file systems based on different disks. You should configure OCR in two independent disk groups. Database data files, temp files, redo logs and undo, SYSTEM, SYSAUX, DATA, INDEX, USERS, TEMP, UNDO, Shared or database-specific ASM diskgroups, ScaleIO volumes, ASM diskgroup, and database datafile relationship, ASM stripesize, coarse, and fine grained striping, ASM intelligent data placement and physical disk placement, ASM compaction and rebalance (ASM 11.1.0.7 and later), A DATA diskgroup to hold all data, index, undo and temp files, An FRA diskgroup that holds archivelogs and backups, Since Oracle Database 11gR2 it is recommended to store the OCR and Voting Files in a standalone ASM diskgroup, as shown in, Using VMDKs and ASM with Virtualized Databases. We and our partners share information on your use of this website to help improve your experience. You cannot inspect the contents of an export. Will install binaries on local disk and use SAN for Voting disk, OCR and ASM. Voting Disk, should it be Each node reads its KILL BLOCK once per second, if the kill block is not overwritten, the node commits suicide. To remove a voting disk, run the following command, specifying one or more space-delimited, voting disk FUIDs or comma-delimited directory paths to the voting disks you want to remove: After you start CSS in exclusive mode, you can replace the voting disk, as follows: To migrate voting disks to Oracle ASM, specify the Oracle ASM disk group name in the following command: After modifying the voting disk, verify the voting disk location, as follows: Scripting on this page enhances content navigation, but does not change the content in any way. Once you configure voting disks on Oracle ASM, you can only make changes to the voting disks' configuration using the crsctl replace votedisk command. Rely on OCR Backups Since 11g (11.2), the voting disk data is automatically backed up in OCR as part of any configuration change and is automatically restored to any voting disk added. You can just replace with new voting file on disk group DATA. Majority of the keys in the OCRDUMPFILE deal with the CRSd. You can check the status of OLR on the local node using the OCRCHECK utility, as follows: You can display the content of OLR on the local node to the text terminal that initiated the program using the OCRDUMP utility, as follows: You can perform administrative tasks on OLR on the local node using the OCRCONFIG utility. In Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2), you no longer have to back up the voting disk. If it is, then stop it by running the following command as root: If you want to restore OCR to an Oracle ASM disk group, then you must first create a disk group using SQL*Plus that has the same name as the disk group you want to restore and mount it on the local node. CSSD processes (Cluster Services Synchronization Daemon) monitor the health of RAC nodes employing two distinct heartbeats: Network heartbeat and Disk heartbeat. Voting disks contain static and dynamic data. If the configurations match, ensure that the node can access all of the configured OCRs by running an ls command on Linux and UNIX systems. If you have only one OCR location configured and online, then you must first add a new location and then delete the failed location, as follows: It may be necessary to repair OCR if your cluster configuration changes while that node is stopped and this node is the only member in the cluster. OCR Hope this sheds some light on what role OCR and OLR play in the Grid Infrastructure. [root@primary01 ~]# crsctl replace votedisk +DATA Successful addition of voting disk a6f4735a13a64f60bf31092700473fad. Ensure that the Oracle ASM disk group you specify exists and is mounted. The voting disk data is automatically backed up in OCR as part of any configuration change and is automatically restored to any voting disk added. Its default location is in the path Grid_home/cdata/host_name.olr, where Grid_home is the Oracle Grid Infrastructure home, and host_name is the host name of the node. Successful deletion of voting disk 8b62c257e7fa2bfabf363cb4791c1f4c. For steps on this check the documentation: Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide. Oracle recommends that you use either automatic or manual backups, and the ocrconfig -restore command instead of the ocrconfig -export and ocrconfig -import commands to restore OCR for the following reasons: A backup is a consistent snapshot of OCR, whereas an export is not. You can remove an OCR location to reduce OCR-related overhead or to stop mirroring your OCR because you moved OCR to redundant storage such as RAID. You can manually put the mirrored OCRs on a shared network file system (NFS), or on any cluster file system that is certified by Oracle. In 10g, Oracle Clusterware can support 32 voting disks but in 11g R 2 supports 15 voting disks. If this problem is local to only one node, you can use other nodes to start your cluster database. When using a mix of storage pools with both high capacity spinning disks and high performance solid state devices additional diskgroups should be considered, which correspond to the different performance storage pools. such as Oracle RAC databases, listeners, virtual IP addresses (VIPs), and services and any applications. Restoring the Oracle Cluster Registry on Linux or UNIX Systems, Restoring the Oracle Cluster Registry on Windows Systems, Restoring the Oracle Cluster Registry in an Oracle Restart Environment. Its primary purpose is to help in a situation where the private network communication fails.CSS (Cluster Synchronization Service) is the service that determines which nodes in the cluster are available via communication through a dedicated private network and with a voting disk used as a secondary communication mechanism. [root@NODE01 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin/ocrcheck, --Delete the old diskgroup You must shut down Oracle Clusterware on all nodes in the cluster to get a consistent snapshot using the ocrconfig -export command. 4) If the disk is not updated in a short timeout period, the node is considered unhealthy and maybe rebooted to protect the database. For a full experience use one of the browsers below. The Windows default location for generating backups uses the same path structure. 3. The Oracle Clusterware installation process creates the voting disk and the OCR on shared storage. List the Candidate Disk present for creating DISKGROUP. To view the contents of the OLR backup file: When you upgrade Oracle Clusterware, it automatically runs the ocrconfig -upgrade command. Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide for information about creating OCRs, Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide for more information about Oracle ASM disk group management. OMR technology scans a printed form and reads from predefined positions. If it is, stop it by running the following command as root: Import OCR by running the following command as root: If you are importing OCR to a cluster or network file system, then skip to step 7. 1. to Restore OCR and Voting Disk The first method uses automatically generated OCR copies and the second method enables you to issue a backup command manually: Automatic backups: Oracle Clusterware automatically creates OCR backups every four hours. Cloud Applications; Cloud Infrastructure; On-Premise Applications; E-Business Suite; Begin to start Oracle Clusterware by running the following command as root on all of the nodes: Verify OCR integrity of all of the cluster nodes that are configured as part of your cluster by running the following CVU command: Use the following procedure to restore OCR on Windows systems: Stop Oracle Clusterware by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group on all of the nodes: If the preceding command returns any error due to OCR corruption, stop Oracle Clusterware by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group on all of the nodes: Start the Oracle Clusterware stack on one node in exclusive mode by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group: Restore OCR with the OCR backup file that you identified in "Listing Backup Files" by running the following command as a member of the Administrators group: Make sure that the OCR devices that you specify in the OCR configuration exist and that these OCR devices are valid. 11gR2 can have upto five mirrored copies of OCR. Verify the VotingDisk movement on both nodes. [root@NODE01 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete +OCRVD_DG, 11. Multiple processes on each node have simultaneous read and write access to the OLR particular to the node on which they reside, regardless of whether Oracle Clusterware is running or fully functional. [grid@NODE01 ~]$ asmcmd spmove '+OCRVD_DG/RAC-cluster/asmparameterfile/registry.183.284573136' '+OCR_NEWDG/RAC-cluster/spfileASM.ora', --Verify Oracle Clusterware includes two important components that manage configuration and node membership: Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR), which also includes the local component Oracle Local Registry (OLR), and voting disks. Note: In Shared storage you should create 3 minimum voting files in separate storage. Under no circumstances will the failure of one Oracle ASM instance on one node affect the whole cluster. Few possible scenarios:1. col name for a20 It is useful in grading, calculating marks, etc. The Oracle Clusterware installation process creates the voting disk and the OCR on a shared storage volume. An example of what you might define as a failure group would be a set of SCSI disks sharing the same SCSI controller. Oracle recommends just two diskgroups by default: By default, redo logs and control files are mirrored to both the DATA and FRA diskgroups. c)A node must be able to access more than half of the voting disks at any time. There are a few different scenarios possible with missing heartbeats:1. Oracle does not support having voting disks in Oracle ASM and directly on a cluster file system for the same cluster at the same time. If you move voting disks from one Oracle ASM disk group to another, then you can change the number of voting disks by placing them in a disk group of a different redundancy level as the former disk group. If an OCR location suddenly becomes unavailable, then it might take a short period for Oracle Clusterware to show the change in status. Difference between It does not require an advanced level recognition engine when compared to OCR. Learn how your comment data is processed. srvctl start diskgroup -g OCR_NEWDG -n NODE01,NODE02, --Check Status Your email address will not be published. A failure group is a subset of the disks in a disk group. It stands for Optical Character Reader or Optical Character Recognition. Worked as a Development and Database Administrator. Thus heartbeat of various nodes is recorded at different offsets in the voting disk. Difference between At least two OCR locations if OCR is configured on mirrored hardware or third-party mirrored volumes. To replace all voting disks not stored in Oracle ASM with voting disks managed by Oracle ASM in an Oracle ASM disk group, run the following command: Modifying voting disks that are not stored on Oracle ASM: To display the voting disk FUID and file path of each current voting disk, run the following command: This command returns a disk sequence number, the status of the disk, the FUID, and the path of the disk and no name of an Oracle ASM disk group. A high redundancy disk group must contain at least three failure groups. Managing Oracle Cluster Registry and Voting Disks WebOracle recommends just two diskgroups by default: A DATA diskgroup to hold all data, index, undo and temp files. With the Oracle Clusterware storage residing in an Oracle ASM disk group, you can manage both database and clusterware storage using Oracle Enterprise Manager. To add an OCRMIRROR device when only OCR device is defined: 3. The Oracle Clusterware has the OCR and voting disks open and is actively using them. Voting files RAC heartbeat is the polling mechanism that is sent over the cluster interconnect to ensure all RAC nodes are available. WebHello Friends,Here with one more topic on database administration guide. It provides more accuracy as compared to OCR. To add the file as an OCR location, ensure that the Oracle Clusterware stack is running and run the following command as root: You can run this command more than once if you add more than one OCR location. Disk heartbeat is successful, but network heartbeat is missed.3. [root@primary01 ~]# crsctl replace votedisk +DATA Successful addition of voting disk a6f4735a13a64f60bf31092700473fad. where path like '/dev/oracleasm/disks/%' and header_status = 'CANDIDATE'; 5. Ensure that the most recent OCR contains the latest OCR updates. Will install binaries on local disk and use SAN for Voting disk, OCR and ASM. OCR and voting disk My Oracle Support provides customers with access to over a million knowledge articles and a vibrant support community of peers and Oracle experts. In addition, the process prevents overwriting by prohibiting Oracle Clusterware from starting on the node on which only one OCR is available. Mirroring can help prevent OCR from becoming a single point of failure. The default location for generating backups on Linux or UNIX systems is Grid_home/cdata/cluster_name, where cluster_name is the name of your cluster. It was introduced in 11gR2, and is not shared by any other node in the cluster. Helpful tips . --Connect with Grid User It shares the same layout or structure as the OCR. Manage OLR using the OCRCHECK, OCRDUMP, and OCRCONFIG utilities as root with the -local option. Oracle Clusterware uses voting files to determine which nodes are members of a 10. Find the temp usage by sessions in Oracle. In a nutshell, OCR is used by CRSd and OLR by the OHASd. "OCRCONFIG Command Reference" for more information about OCRCONFIG commands. Will install binaries on local disk and use SAN for Voting disk, OCR and ASM. This section includes the following topics: Adding an Oracle Cluster Registry Location, Removing an Oracle Cluster Registry Location, Replacing an Oracle Cluster Registry Location, Repairing an Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration on a Local Node, Overriding the Oracle Cluster Registry Data Loss Protection Mechanism. OCR and Voting Disk Oracle ASM manages voting disks differently from other files that it stores. This command updates the OCR configuration on all of the nodes on which Oracle Clusterware is running. Oracle Local Registry is OCRs local counterpart. OCR manages Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC database configuration information, OLR resides on every node in the cluster and manages Oracle Clusterware configuration information for each particular node, Voting disks manage information about node membership. d) All nodes in the RAC cluster register their heartbeat information in the voting disks/files. 1. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. This article is intended for DBA and Support Engineers who need to modify, or move OCR and voting disks files, customers who have an existing clustered environment deployed on a storage array and might want to migrate to a new storage array with minimal downtime. The written block has a header area with the node name. At any one time, Oracle Database always retains the last three backup copies of OCR. OCR and Voting Disk This section describes how to back up OCR content and use it for recovery. For example, if any node that is part of your current Oracle RAC cluster is shut down, then you must update the OCR configuration on the stopped node to let that node rejoin the cluster after the node is restarted.
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